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U.S. Recalibrates Military Strategy in Africa Amid Rising Chinese and Russian Influence

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The United States is shifting its military approach in Africa, signaling a departure from its traditional focus on promoting good governance and addressing the root causes of insurgency. Instead, Washington is now calling on its African partners to take greater responsibility for their own security, amid a broader strategic rebalancing under President Donald Trump.

The pivot was underscored during African Lion, the continent’s largest annual joint military exercise, where more than 40 nations participated in complex operations including drone missions, close-quarters combat drills, and precision rocket launches. The message from the top U.S. commander in Africa, General Michael Langley, was clear.

“We need to be able to get our partners to the level of independent operations,” Langley told the Associated Press at the conclusion of the four-week exercise. “There needs to be some burden sharing. We have our set priorities now—protecting the homeland.”

Langley noted that the U.S. Department of Defense is aligning with a new vision of a “leaner, more lethal force,” a strategy that may involve scaling back its military footprint across Africa.

The shift comes at a time of increasing geopolitical competition. China has intensified its military training efforts with African nations, while Russian mercenaries have expanded their presence in North, West, and Central Africa, stepping in as key security partners in regions historically tied to Western support.

In previous years, Langley championed a “whole-of-government” approach, highlighting success stories like Ivory Coast where integrated security and development efforts helped bolster stability. But he acknowledged that such outcomes remain the exception rather than the rule. “I’ve seen progression, and I’ve seen regression,” said Langley, who is expected to retire later this year.

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Despite the evolving strategy, U.S. officials recognize that terrorist threats across the continent remain acute. A senior defense official, speaking anonymously, said Africa is now viewed as the “epicentre” for al-Qaeda and Islamic State (IS) activity, with key IS leadership reportedly relocated to the region.

The U.S. maintains around 6,500 personnel across Africa and continues to invest heavily in counterterrorism operations, including airstrikes against al-Shabaab and IS militants in Somalia. However, Langley admitted the Somali National Army remains under-equipped to maintain long-term security.

Security analysts also warn that many African militaries still lack the capacity to confront insurgent threats effectively. “Many of them do not have strong air forces and are not able to monitor the movement of militants, especially in remote areas,” said Beverly Ochieng of Control Risks.

According to the Institute for Economics and Peace, over half of global terrorism-related deaths in 2024 occurred in the Sahel, with Somalia accounting for 6%, underscoring the challenges ahead even as the U.S. reevaluates its role on the continent.

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London Ambulances Targeted in Suspected Antisemitic Arson Attack

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British police said they were investigating a suspected arson attack as an antisemitic hate crime, after volunteer ambulances run by a Jewish organisation were set on fire in London on Monday.

The London Metropolitan Police confirmed that four Hatzalah ambulances, operated by the Jewish Community Ambulance Service, were deliberately set ablaze in the early hours of the morning. Multiple gas cylinders on the vehicles exploded, shattering windows in a nearby apartment block. Authorities evacuated residents from adjacent homes as a precaution, and no injuries were reported.

Prime Minister Keir Starmer condemned the attack as a “deeply shocking antisemitic arson attack.” He expressed his support for the Jewish community, writing on X, “My thoughts are with the Jewish community who are waking up this morning to this horrific news.”

Superintendent Sarah Jackson said police are reviewing CCTV footage and are aware of videos circulating online. “We believe we are looking for three suspects at this early stage,” she said. No arrests have been made. Officers remained on the scene to conduct urgent investigations and gather evidence.

The incident drew swift condemnation from local and national organisations. Shomrim, a nonprofit that operates a neighbourhood watch in the area, called the attack “not only a criminal act of arson, but a targeted and deeply concerning incident affecting a vital emergency service serving the local Jewish community.”

Community Security Trust (CST), a charity that monitors antisemitism in the UK, said it is assisting police with the investigation. The group highlighted the seriousness of the attack, noting that targeting emergency services could endanger both the Jewish community and wider residents who rely on volunteer medical support.

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Hatzola, the Jewish volunteer ambulance service, was established in 1979 and provides free medical transportation and emergency response across north London. Operated entirely by volunteers, the organisation plays a critical role in responding to urgent medical emergencies in densely populated neighbourhoods.

Authorities stressed that the investigation is ongoing and appealed for witnesses to come forward. Police urged anyone with information or footage from the area to assist in identifying the suspects. Superintendent Jackson added, “We know this incident will cause a great deal of community concern and officers remain on scene to carry out urgent enquiries.”

The arson attack has sparked concern across London, highlighting rising tensions and the vulnerability of community services. Officials emphasised that hate crimes against ethnic and religious communities are taken seriously, and authorities are committed to ensuring public safety while bringing the perpetrators to justice.

The attack comes amid growing scrutiny of antisemitic incidents in the UK, with advocacy groups calling for increased protection for both communities and the volunteer services that support them.

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Iran Executes Three Men Over January Protests Amid Rising War Tensions

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Rights groups said the trio, who included a teenager who had taken part in international wrestling competitions, were executed without a fair trial and had given confessions under torture.

Iran executed three men on Thursday who were accused of killing police officers during nationwide protests in January, raising fears among activists of a potential surge in hangings as the country faces war with Israel and the United States. The executions mark the first publicized hangings related to the nationwide demonstrations, which were met with a severe crackdown by Iranian authorities.

The men, Mehdi Ghasemi, Saleh Mohammadi, and Saeed Davoudi, were hanged in the city of Qom, south of Tehran, after being convicted of waging war against God, a capital offense under Iran’s sharia known as moharebeh, according to the judiciary’s Mizan news agency. Authorities said the trio were involved in the killing of two police officers and carried out “operational actions” in favor of Israel and the United States.

Rights groups raised immediate concerns over the fairness of the trials. Saleh Mohammadi, a teenage wrestling champion who had competed internationally, was reportedly denied proper legal defense and forced to give confessions during fast-tracked proceedings, according to Amnesty International. Norway-based NGO Iran Human Rights said the three men were “sentenced to death following an unfair trial, based on confessions obtained under torture,” noting that Mohammadi had just turned 19.

Legal affairs monitor Dadban added that the men were “deprived of effective access to independent counsel and the right to defense,” arguing that under such circumstances, the death penalty amounts to “extrajudicial killing.”

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The hangings come a day after the execution of Kouroush Keyvani, a dual Iranian-Swedish national accused of spying for Israel, which drew condemnation from Stockholm and the European Union. That execution was the first publicly announced since U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran on 28 February killed Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, escalating a conflict that has spread across the Middle East.

Activists warned that Iran could use such executions to intimidate citizens. “We are deeply concerned about the risk of mass executions of protesters and political prisoners in the shadow of war,” said Iran Human Rights. “These executions are carried out to spread fear in society, as the Islamic Republic knows that the main threat to its survival comes from the Iranian people demanding fundamental change.”

The January protests initially erupted over rising living costs and quickly evolved into nationwide anti-government demonstrations, peaking on 8–9 January. Rights groups estimate that thousands of protesters were killed in the crackdown, with the Human Rights Activists News Agency recording over 7,000 deaths, while Tehran acknowledges more than 3,000 fatalities, including security personnel and civilians.

Hundreds of individuals are still facing charges connected to the protests that could carry the death penalty. Iran remains one of the world’s most prolific executioners, with at least 1,500 people hanged last year alone, according to Iran Human Rights.

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EU Ministers to Discuss Expanding Naval Mission to Strait of Hormuz as Oil Prices Surge

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Foreign ministers from the European Union are scheduled to meet in Brussels on Monday to discuss whether the bloc’s naval mission should be extended to the Strait of Hormuz amid rising tensions in the Middle East and soaring global oil prices.

The discussions come as the conflict involving the United States and Israel against Iran continues to disrupt global energy markets. The narrow maritime passage handles roughly 20 percent of the world’s oil shipments, making it one of the most critical trade routes for energy supplies.

According to a person familiar with the matter, EU ministers will consider expanding the bloc’s naval mission Operation Aspides to include patrols in the Strait of Hormuz.

Operation Aspides was launched in early 2024 to protect international shipping in the Red Sea after attacks by Yemen’s Houthi forces on commercial vessels traveling through the region.

Pressure from Washington has been increasing in recent days. Donald Trump urged several major powers, including the United Kingdom, France, China and Japan, to deploy naval vessels to the area to safeguard oil shipments passing through the Strait of Hormuz.

Tehran announced last week that it would block the waterway in response to US-Israeli strikes on its territory. Since then, several vessels have reportedly come under attack in the region, increasing fears about disruptions to global energy supplies.

Despite the pressure from Washington, some European officials remain cautious about expanding the mission. Johann Wadephul confirmed that the issue would be discussed at the meeting in Brussels but expressed skepticism about the need for such an operation.

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In an interview with German public broadcaster ARD, Wadephul said he did not see an immediate requirement for extending the naval mission and ruled out Germany’s participation for now. He also called on the United States and Israel to provide clearer information about their objectives and strategy in the war against Iran.

His remarks reflect broader concerns among European officials who say Washington has not fully explained the timeline or long-term goals of the military campaign.

Meanwhile, global oil markets remain under pressure as the conflict continues. Chris Wright said on Sunday that the war with Iran could end within a few weeks. He added that energy prices would likely fall once stability returns to the region and shipping lanes reopen.

Despite those reassurances, crude oil prices have climbed above $100 per barrel, raising concerns among governments and economists about the potential impact on inflation and economic growth worldwide.

The meeting in Brussels is expected to focus on whether European countries should play a larger role in protecting maritime traffic in the Gulf as tensions continue to escalate.

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