Poland’s Ministry of Digitalisation has issued a warning over a surge in disinformation following an explosion on a railway line near the village of Mika, urging the public to verify online reports as authorities investigate what senior officials describe as an act of sabotage linked to Russian intelligence.

The blast, which occurred on Sunday night, damaged part of a key rail route used to deliver humanitarian aid into Ukraine. Prime Minister Donald Tusk said on Tuesday that two Ukrainian citizens, known to Polish security services and believed to be working for Russia, are suspected of carrying out the attack. “All facts point to a Russian trace,” he said, adding that investigators were continuing to assess evidence.

Despite those early findings, a wave of misleading narratives has spread quickly across social media. An analysis by Res Futura Data House, a European research and analytics group, reviewed thousands of online comments and found that 42 percent of posts blamed Ukrainians for the explosion. Only 24 percent of users attributed responsibility to Russia, while 19 percent suggested Polish state-linked actors were behind the incident.

Res Futura said many comments relied on unverified assumptions tied to unrelated events, such as previous fires or allegations involving Ukrainians near strategic sites. The group noted that many of the claims framed the incident as either retaliation or an attempt to push Poland toward direct conflict with Moscow.

Presenting the latest findings to parliament, Tusk warned that anti-Ukrainian sentiment was becoming easier to provoke due to public fatigue linked to the presence of large numbers of refugees. He said such tensions serve Russian objectives by weakening support for Ukraine and straining ties within the EU. “From the point of view of Russian interests, the awakening of radically anti-Ukrainian emotions… has a double value for Russian services,” he said.

Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Radosław Sikorski echoed the warning, criticising political figures who amplify claims blaming Ukraine. He said Russia invests heavily in disinformation campaigns aimed at turning public opinion against Ukraine, the EU and refugees. “Those who blame Ukraine for Russia’s actions in Poland are political saboteurs,” he wrote on X.

Despite the government’s appeals, anti-Ukrainian narratives have continued to surface among public figures. Far-right politicians, including members of the Polish Crown Confederation and Confederation party, have publicly suggested that Ukrainian citizens were behind the sabotage, without offering evidence. Former Prime Minister Leszek Miller also speculated that Ukrainians are often responsible for similar incidents, though he provided no examples.

The Ministry of Digitalisation said disinformation campaigns had been active since the night of the explosion and appear designed to shift responsibility away from Russia and undermine trust in Polish security institutions. It urged the public to rely on verified sources, warning that false narratives threaten social cohesion at a time of heightened geopolitical tension.