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HSBC Reports $32.3 Billion Profit in 2024 Despite Declining Net Interest Income

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HSBC, Europe’s largest bank, reported a 6.5% rise in pre-tax profit to $32.31 billion (€30.91 billion) in 2024, driven by strong performances in wealth and personal banking (WPB) and global banking and markets (GBM). However, the bank’s results slightly missed analysts’ expectations, as declining net interest income (NII) weighed on overall revenue.

Despite the mixed financial performance, HSBC announced a $2 billion (€1.9 billion) share buyback program, set to be completed by the end of Q1 2025. The bank’s shares initially rose 1% on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange before retreating. In London, HSBC’s stock hit a two-decade high on Tuesday, extending a 16% rise in 2025 after gaining 23% in 2024.

The latest results are the first under new CEO Georges Elhedery, who took over in September 2024. “Our strong 2024 performance provides a firm foundation for the future as we focus on sustainable strategic growth and delivering the best outcomes for our customers,” Elhedery said.

Decline in Net Interest Income Offsets Gains in Key Divisions

HSBC reported net interest income (NII) of $32.73 billion (€31.32 billion) for 2024, an 8.5% decline from the previous year. The drop was attributed to business disposals and increased funding costs associated with reallocating commercial surplus funds to its trading book. The bank’s net interest margin (NIM) fell by 10 basis points to 1.56%.

Despite the decline in NII, wealth and personal banking (WPB) and global banking and markets (GBM) saw double-digit growth, rising 37.7% and 21.9%, respectively. These gains reflect HSBC’s strategic restructuring efforts aimed at boosting profitability outside of traditional lending.

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Total revenue for 2024 came in at $65.9 billion (€63.1 billion), slightly lower than the previous year, as growth in WPB and GBM helped offset the decline in NII. Operating expenses rose by 3% to $33 billion (€31.6 billion), primarily due to higher technology spending and inflation-related costs. Meanwhile, HSBC’s common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio improved slightly to 14.9%.

Q4 Profits Surge Despite Revenue Drop

HSBC’s fourth-quarter pre-tax profit nearly doubled to $2.3 billion (€2.2 billion) compared to the same period in 2023. However, quarterly revenue declined by 11%, impacted by foreign currency losses and reserve adjustments following the sale of its Argentina business.

Financial analysts remain cautious about HSBC’s performance. Nick Saunders, CEO of stock trading platform Webull UK, commented that HSBC’s results highlight its Asia-first strategy, which sets it apart from Western competitors.

“Asian business is not just a future growth segment—it’s already the best-performing sector for one of the world’s largest banks,” Saunders said. “While the decline in net interest margin is concerning, HSBC’s strategy appears to be working.”

Cost-Cutting and Restructuring Plans for 2025

Looking ahead, HSBC is prioritizing cost discipline and efficiency. In 2024, the bank merged two of its three major divisions—Commercial Banking and Global Banking & Markets—as part of its restructuring under Elhedery.

The bank has set a target for annual growth of around 3% in 2025 and aims to achieve $0.3 billion (€288 million) in cost reductions this year, with an annualized reduction of $1.5 billion (€1.44 billion) by 2026.

HSBC reaffirmed its mid-teens return on average tangible equity (RoTE) target for 2025-2027, signaling confidence in its long-term strategy. However, net interest income is projected to fall to around $42 billion (€40.2 billion) in 2025, a 3.9% decline from 2024, reflecting expectations of lower global interest rates.

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As HSBC navigates rising costs and shifting economic conditions, the bank’s success in executing its restructuring and cost-cutting initiatives will be key to sustaining profitability in the years ahead.

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Oil Tanker Attacked in Strait of Hormuz, Crew Evacuated

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An oil tanker was attacked off the coast of Musandam in the Strait of Hormuz on Sunday, leaving four people injured and prompting the evacuation of all 20 crew members, according to Oman’s Maritime Security Centre.

The vessel, named Skylight and flying the flag of the Republic of Palau, was targeted around five nautical miles (9.26 km) north of Khasab Port, Oman authorities said. The incident marked the first reported attack on a ship in the strategic Strait of Hormuz on Sunday morning.

Oman’s Maritime Security Centre confirmed that the tanker’s crew included 15 Indian nationals and five Iranian nationals, all of whom were safely evacuated. The four injured crew members were transferred for medical treatment. Authorities did not immediately provide details on the cause of the attack or the identities of the attackers.

The incident has heightened concerns about shipping safety in one of the world’s most important oil transit routes. The Strait of Hormuz handles a significant portion of global crude oil exports, and any disruption to its operations can have major implications for energy markets.

In response to the attack, major shipping companies have suspended operations through the Strait of Hormuz. Danish shipping and logistics giant Maersk announced on Sunday afternoon that it had halted all future transits through the waterway until further notice. Other operators are reportedly reviewing their shipping schedules and implementing additional safety measures.

The attack comes amid ongoing regional tensions, with the Strait of Hormuz often at the center of geopolitical disputes. Analysts say the incident could lead to further disruptions in global oil supplies and push energy prices higher if shipping companies continue to avoid the area.

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Maritime security experts emphasize the need for close monitoring of shipping traffic and coordinated responses to ensure the safety of vessels and crews in the region. The rapid evacuation of Skylight’s crew has been described as a positive example of emergency preparedness, but the attack underscores the continuing risks faced by commercial shipping in the Gulf.

Authorities are continuing to investigate the circumstances of the attack and are coordinating with international maritime agencies to prevent further incidents. The situation remains fluid, and the potential impact on shipping and regional security is likely to unfold in the coming days.

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EU Household Energy Prices Remain Above Pre-War Levels Despite Stabilisation

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Residential electricity and natural gas prices across the European Union remain higher than before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, even though markets have steadied in recent years.

The war, which began in February 2022 and has now entered its fifth year, reshaped Europe’s energy landscape. According to the European Council, Russia’s share of EU pipeline gas imports fell sharply from around 40 per cent in 2021 to about 6 per cent in 2025, following sanctions, embargoes and efforts to diversify supplies.

New data from Eurostat show that between the first half of 2021 and the first half of 2025, household electricity prices in the EU rose 30 per cent, from 22 cents per kilowatt-hour to 28.7 cents. Over the same period, natural gas prices climbed 79 per cent, from 6.4 cents to 11.4 cents per kilowatt-hour.

The Household Energy Price Index (HEPI), compiled by Energie-Control Austria, MEKH and VaasaETT, tracks monthly end-user prices in European capital cities. Its January 2026 figures indicate that electricity prices across EU capitals were 5 per cent higher than in January 2022. However, compared with January 2021, prices were up 38 per cent.

Some cities experienced particularly sharp increases over the five-year period. Electricity prices more than doubled in Vilnius, rising 102 per cent. Other large jumps were recorded in Bucharest (88 per cent), Bern (86 per cent), Kyiv (77 per cent), Amsterdam (75 per cent), Riga (74 per cent), Brussels (67 per cent) and London (64 per cent).

Only Copenhagen and Budapest posted declines over that period, at minus 16 per cent and minus 8 per cent respectively.

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Among the capitals of Europe’s five largest economies, London and Rome saw notable increases, while Madrid and Berlin recorded relatively modest rises. Paris remained below the EU average increase.

Energy analysts at the European Energy and Climate Policy (IEECP) say the electricity mix has been a decisive factor. Countries such as Spain benefit from a higher share of wind, solar and hydropower, while Nordic nations rely heavily on hydropower, geothermal and wind energy, reducing exposure to fossil fuel price swings.

Looking only at the period from January 2022 to January 2026 presents a different trend. Copenhagen recorded a 44 per cent fall in electricity prices, while London, Madrid, Berlin and Rome also saw declines. Paris, by contrast, registered a 21 per cent increase. Vilnius showed the largest EU rise at 70 per cent, while Kyiv topped the overall list at 87 per cent.

Natural gas prices across EU capitals edged down by 1 per cent between January 2022 and January 2026. Berlin, Brussels and Athens recorded declines of around 40 per cent, while Riga, Warsaw and Lisbon saw strong increases.

Despite the recent stabilisation, household energy bills across much of Europe remain well above pre-invasion levels, reflecting the lasting impact of the energy crisis.

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Transatlantic Tensions on Digital Rules Highlight Need for Cooperation

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Discussions between Europe and the United States over digital regulation continue to be marked by miscommunication and frustration, even as competitors observe from the sidelines. Europeans and Americans talk past each other while rivals watch. The European Union can set its own standards, but in an interconnected economy, decoupling fantasies and grandstanding won’t help.

The debate often centres on “free speech” concerns voiced by U.S. tech companies and policymakers in response to the EU’s legislative framework for digital platforms. In Europe, such narratives typically prompt defensive reactions. Some Europeans respond with a blunt message: “This is our land, our Union, our laws, follow them, or leave the EU—we’ll find alternative products to use!” Public awareness of American constitutional amendments is low across Europe, just as Americans pay little attention to European digital acts and regulations.

The transatlantic dialogue is further complicated by the global nature of social media platforms. Any EU legislation affecting user experience inevitably influences the functioning of these platforms worldwide, touching on what Americans see as free speech rights. The EU also seeks to extend its influence through the “Brussels effect,” ensuring that European rules shape global standards, while the U.S. maintains a large trade surplus in services and competes technologically with China. This mix of economic, political, and regulatory factors explains why U.S. attention is sharply focused on Europe’s digital policies.

Europeans argue that their 450-million-consumer market has the right to set rules that reflect local principles and values. Attempts to adjust or simplify regulations are difficult, with efforts often met with political resistance and scrutiny. The regulatory ecosystem in Europe supports industries of lawyers, consultants, and experts whose work depends on maintaining complex rules, making reform a sensitive topic.

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On the American side, anti-EU rhetoric by public figures has sometimes compounded the problem, drowning out moderates and reinforcing defensive European responses. Analysts note that both regions have seen productive voices sidelined as grandstanding and negative statements dominate public discourse.

Observers argue that long-term thinking is necessary. By evaluating the EU-U.S. tech partnership in the broader context of global alliances, including China and Russia, policymakers can better assess priorities and avoid unnecessary disruption. Blank-slate decoupling between Europe and the United States is unrealistic, and delaying constructive dialogue risks broader economic consequences.

Experts warn that continued transatlantic infighting benefits other global powers and weakens the ability of both regions to set coherent standards in emerging technologies. The message from analysts is clear: cooperation, not confrontation, will determine whether the EU and U.S. can maintain leadership in digital regulation while safeguarding economic and technological interests.

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