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Syria’s Interim Leader Acknowledges Challenges as Death Toll Rises Amid Clashes
Syria’s interim president, Ahmad al-Sharaa, has downplayed the country’s latest surge in violence as “expected challenges,” even as the death toll from ongoing clashes between pro-government forces and supporters of ousted leader Bashar al-Assad has risen to 642, according to independent monitors.
The Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR), a UK-based watchdog, reported on Sunday that both pro-Assad groups and government forces were responsible for the escalating bloodshed. The organization attributed 315 deaths to “non-state armed groups” loyal to Assad, including 167 members of Syria’s security forces and 148 civilians. Meanwhile, it said at least 327 people—including civilians and disarmed militants—were killed by government forces and affiliated groups.
Footage of mass graves and alleged execution-style killings has emerged, fueling concerns of widespread atrocities. CNN has not independently verified these reports and has reached out to Syrian authorities for comment.
Growing International Alarm Over Sectarian Violence
The latest clashes mark the most intense fighting since Assad was deposed in December by Sunni Islamist militants, who have since sought to reshape Syria’s political and sectarian landscape. Assad, a member of the Alawite minority sect, had long relied on support from Alawite strongholds along the Mediterranean coast, particularly in Latakia and Tartous.
While some Alawite groups surrendered their weapons after Assad’s fall, others remain heavily armed, contributing to the ongoing violence. The latest wave of conflict underscores the difficulty Syria’s new regime faces in stabilizing a deeply divided country.
Interim President Sharaa addressed the unrest during a visit to a Damascus mosque, where he urged national unity.
“What is happening in the country are expected challenges,” Sharaa said. “We must preserve national unity and civil peace… We are capable of living together in this country, as much as we can.”
U.S. Condemns Killings, Calls for Accountability
As the violence escalated, the United States issued a strong condemnation of the attacks. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio denounced what he described as “radical Islamist terrorists, including foreign jihadis,” who he said were responsible for killings in western Syria in recent days.
“The United States stands with religious and ethnic minorities in Syria,” Rubio said in a statement. “Interim authorities must hold the perpetrators of these massacres accountable.”
A Fragile New Order
Despite efforts by Syria’s interim government to assert control, the country remains deeply fractured, with remnants of pro-Assad forces continuing to resist the new regime.
The Syrian leadership faces the daunting task of disarming militant groups, rebuilding state institutions, and preventing further sectarian reprisals. Whether Sharaa’s calls for unity will ease tensions—or if the country will descend into further chaos—remains to be seen.
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Britain and Norway Step Up Naval Patrols to Protect Undersea Infrastructure from Russia
Britain and Norway have launched new joint naval patrols aimed at protecting undersea cables from Russia, with a combined fleet of at least 13 warships safeguarding critical infrastructure in the North Atlantic, officials said. The announcement follows discussions in December between UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer and Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre on defense cooperation.
British Defence Secretary John Healey said on Thursday that the operation was designed to deter Russian submarines suspected of “malign activity” near undersea infrastructure north of the UK. A frigate, aircraft, and hundreds of personnel monitored a Russian attack submarine and two spy vessels during an operation lasting more than a month. Healey said the Russian ships eventually left the area.
His message to Moscow was clear: “We see your activity over our cables and our pipelines, and you should know that any attempt to damage them will not be tolerated and will have serious consequences.” Healey emphasized that while global attention is focused on conflicts in the Middle East, Russia remains the main threat to the UK and its allies.
British officials have highlighted the overlap between Russia’s support for Iran and its ongoing war in Ukraine. Tehran has provided Moscow with Shahed drones, which are now also manufactured in Russia under the designation Geran. Healey said, “Putin would want us to be distracted by the Middle East. We will not take our eyes off Putin.”
The UK has also prepared to seize ships suspected of being part of Russia’s “shadow fleet,” a flotilla of old oil tankers of unclear ownership designed to bypass international sanctions imposed over Moscow’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Previously, the UK only assisted France and the US in monitoring such vessels. Healey said, “We are ready to take action” against these ships.
Norwegian Defence Minister Tore O. Sandvik, who signed the joint naval agreement with Healey, said the patrols allow both countries to “defend themselves together.” The deployment builds on a £10 billion (€11 billion) deal for Norway to purchase at least five British-made frigates, which, together with eight British ships, will operate along NATO’s northern flank.
Russian naval activity near UK waters has reportedly risen by 30 percent over the past two years. NATO officials have also warned that attacks on undersea cables are among the “most active threats” to Western infrastructure. Acting Assistant Secretary General for Innovation, Hybrid, and Cyber, James Appathurai, said recent incidents in the Baltic Sea and elsewhere reflect Russia’s long-term undersea program, which includes research ships, submarines, unmanned vehicles, divers, and explosives targeting communications and energy pipelines.
The new UK-Norway patrols signal a heightened focus on securing vital maritime infrastructure amid rising geopolitical tensions and increasing Russian naval operations in European waters.
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