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Azerbaijan Highlights Progress in Armenia Reconciliation Process, Sets Goals for 2026
Azerbaijan’s Foreign Minister Jeyhun Bayramov reviewed developments in the reconciliation process with Armenia during his annual end-of-year press conference, emphasizing achievements in 2025 and outlining priorities for the year ahead.
Bayramov described 2025 as a productive year in efforts to normalize ties between the two countries. A key milestone came on 8 August, when Azerbaijani and Armenian leaders met at the White House in Washington to sign significant agreements aimed at ending decades of conflict and moving toward full normalization.
“The process of building something from scratch has begun,” Bayramov told reporters, referring to steps taken to restore trade and cooperation. He highlighted the launch of Azerbaijani fuel exports to Armenia by rail through Georgia, the first such trade in decades. The first shipment of Azerbaijani fuel successfully crossed the Georgian border despite initial challenges over proposed tariffs. Georgian authorities intervened to ensure fees were aligned with market conditions, allowing the trade to proceed smoothly.
Bayramov noted that trade between the two countries is not limited to petroleum. “While there were some objections on the Armenian side regarding oil, they were marginal,” he said. “We see potential for expanding commerce in other sectors as well.”
Infrastructure development remains a key focus. Azerbaijan is constructing the necessary facilities to connect its western regions to the Nakhchivan Republic by rail, a project that stalled after the second Karabakh War. Armenia is expected to develop the corresponding infrastructure on its territory, with bilateral negotiations supported by the United States addressing legal frameworks, regulations, and institutional arrangements. Bayramov indicated that Azerbaijani railways are expected to reach the Armenian border in 2026.
The reconciliation process has also advanced through mutual visits at the expert level. Bayramov said experts and international centers visited both countries twice this year, fostering cooperation and mutual understanding.
Border delimitation is another area of progress. Approximately 12 kilometers of the Azerbaijan-Armenia border have already been demarcated, with related regulations approved. Bayramov explained that the delimitation process will proceed from north to south, beginning at the Azerbaijan-Armenia-Georgia tri-border point and concluding at the Azerbaijan-Armenia-Iran border. Enclave and exclave issues will be addressed as part of this process.
“The progress made in 2025 sets the stage for continued cooperation in 2026,” Bayramov said, expressing optimism about expanding economic ties, trade, and infrastructure links, and strengthening security along shared borders.
Officials from both sides will continue working to maintain momentum in the reconciliation process, with trade, transport, and border management forming key pillars of ongoing efforts to establish durable peace and regional connectivity.
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