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Syrian Refugees Prepare to Return Home as Turkey Opens Additional Border Crossings

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Hundreds of Syrian refugees gathered at Turkey’s southern border crossings on Monday, preparing to return home in the wake of Bashar al-Assad’s government collapse. The movement, which comes amid plans for increased border access, signals hope for stability in war-torn Syria.

At the Cilvegozu and Oncupinar crossings, corresponding to Bab al-Hawa and Bab al-Salameh gates on the Syrian side, refugees arrived with belongings packed into suitcases and sacks. Many braved the cold overnight, camping near the gates as they waited to cross.

Muhammed Zin, 28, who fled Damascus in 2016, expressed relief and optimism. “Assad was shooting us, killing us. I will return to Syria now. Thank God, the war is over,” he told the Associated Press.

The fall of Assad has sparked celebrations among the 3 million Syrian refugees living in Turkey, some of whom replaced the Syrian Consulate’s flag with that of the opposition. Mustafa Sultan, 29, prepared to cross the border to reunite with his older brother, imprisoned under Assad’s rule. “I haven’t seen him for 13 years. The prisons have been emptied, so I am going to see whether he’s alive,” he said.

To ease the crowding, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announced plans to open a third border crossing. He predicted that improved stability in Syria would lead to more voluntary returns.

“As Syria gains more stability, God willing, voluntary, safe, and honourable returns will increase,” Erdoğan stated. Turkey, which accepted hundreds of thousands of refugees at the start of Syria’s civil war in 2011, has faced growing domestic pressure to address the refugee crisis amid economic challenges. Erdoğan’s government has emphasized creating conditions for the safe and voluntary return of Syrians.

Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan reaffirmed this commitment, saying, “We will continue our efforts to ensure the safe and voluntary return of Syrians and to rebuild the country.”

At Cilvegozu, only refugees with proper documentation were allowed to proceed. Zakariya Mori al-Shami, 31, who arrived in Turkey in 2019, was among those awaiting passage with his family. He plans to rebuild his home in Aleppo, destroyed during the conflict.

Sami Abdel-Latif, a construction worker from Hama, expressed hope for a new beginning as he prepared to reunite with his family. “Anything is better than Bashar,” he said.

For others, the return symbolizes freedom and renewal. Malak Matar, heading to Damascus, described the moment as transformative. “You feel yourself psychologically free — you can express yourself,” he said. “It’s a new phase. Syrians have to create a state that is well-organized and takes care of their country.”

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Austrian President to Meet FPÖ Leader After Coalition Talks Fail Again

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Austrian President Alexander Van der Bellen has announced he will meet with Herbert Kickl, leader of the far-right Freedom Party (FPÖ), on Monday, following another failed attempt by Chancellor Karl Nehammer to form a new government. The move comes after months of complex coalition negotiations that have left Austria in political uncertainty.

Speaking at a press conference on Sunday afternoon, President Van der Bellen noted that discussions about forming a government without the FPÖ had stalled, with voices within the ruling conservative People’s Party (ÖVP) softening their opposition to cooperation with Kickl’s party. This shift in tone, the president suggested, could open a new path for government formation.

Austria has been grappling with coalition talks for several months. Following national elections in September, the Freedom Party emerged as the second-largest political force with 29.2% of the vote, behind the ÖVP. However, efforts to form a three-party coalition involving the ÖVP, the liberal Neos, and the centre-left Social Democrats (SPÖ) have faltered.

On Saturday, Chancellor Nehammer announced he would resign after coalition talks once again broke down. This announcement came a day after the liberal Neos party unexpectedly withdrew from negotiations, leaving the ÖVP and SPÖ to continue their discussions in an attempt to form a viable coalition.

In light of the failure, President Van der Bellen confirmed that Nehammer would remain in office until a new interim leader is appointed. The president stated that this transition would take place over the next week.

Christian Stocker, the General Secretary of the ÖVP, has been nominated as a potential successor to Nehammer. Stocker, a lawyer and member of Austria’s Parliament, expressed his readiness to enter into talks with the FPÖ, stating, “I welcome the fact that the President is inviting Herbert Kickl, the leader of the strongest party, and is expected to entrust him with the formation of a government. We are ready for talks with the FPÖ.”

Stocker, who has served as general secretary since 2022, is known for his calm and composed approach in crisis situations. His media presence defending controversial decisions has made him a prominent figure within the People’s Party.

As Austria’s political deadlock continues, all eyes will be on the upcoming discussions between Van der Bellen and Kickl, which could reshape the country’s political landscape.

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Oil Spill Prompts Regional Emergency in Sevastopol as Cleanup Efforts Continue

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Russia-appointed officials in occupied Crimea have declared a regional emergency in Sevastopol after oil contamination was detected on the shores of the peninsula’s largest city.

The oil, believed to have originated from two tankers damaged in the Kerch Strait nearly three weeks ago, has affected four beaches in the region, according to Governor Mikhail Razvozhaev. The spill has prompted a large-scale cleanup operation involving local authorities and volunteers.

“Today a regional emergency regime has been declared in Sevastopol,” Razvozhaev announced on Telegram. He assured residents that the contamination was swiftly addressed, adding, “Let me emphasise: there is no mass pollution of the coastline in Sevastopol.”

The spill stems from an incident in the Kerch Strait, approximately 250 kilometers from Sevastopol. One tanker ran aground, and another was left adrift and damaged, leading to the discharge of fuel oil into the waters.

Authorities in Russia’s Krasnodar region had already declared a region-wide emergency last week as oil continued washing ashore along the coastline. Krasnodar Governor Veniamin Kondratyev reported on Saturday that nearly 7,000 people were engaged in cleanup efforts.

More than 96,000 tons of contaminated sand and soil have been removed since the spill, and estimates suggest up to 200,000 tons of material may have been affected, according to a December 23 report from the Ministry of Natural Resources.

Russian President Vladimir Putin described the spill as an “ecological disaster,” underscoring the severity of the situation.

The Kerch Strait, which links the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea, is a vital shipping route and has been a flashpoint of conflict between Russia and Ukraine since Moscow’s annexation of Crimea in 2014.

Ukraine has criticized the environmental impact of the spill, with Mykhailo Podolyak, an adviser to President Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s office, describing it as a “large-scale environmental disaster.” Podolyak has called for increased sanctions on Russian tankers in response.

The ongoing cleanup highlights the environmental risks associated with maritime transport in the politically sensitive region. While authorities have declared progress in addressing the spill, its broader ecological consequences remain a concern for both local communities and international observers.

As efforts continue, the incident has reignited tensions over the disputed waters, emphasizing the geopolitical and environmental challenges of the region.

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Chile’s President Makes Historic Visit to South Pole

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President Gabriel Boric of Chile has become the first Latin American leader to visit the South Pole, marking a significant milestone for the region. The two-day expedition, named Operation Pole Star III, underscores Chile’s commitment to scientific research and environmental monitoring in Antarctica, according to the Chilean government.

The journey began in Santiago, with Boric accompanied by scientists, military commanders, and government officials. After stopping in Punta Arenas, a southern Chilean city, the delegation proceeded to the U.S.-operated Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Chilean broadcaster Televisión Nacional de Chile (TVN) reported.

Expanding Antarctic Research

Chile, one of seven countries with territorial claims in Antarctica, is a signatory to the Antarctic Treaty, which mandates the use of the continent for peaceful and scientific purposes only. While the country has traditionally focused its research in Antarctica’s northern regions, the Boric administration aims to extend activities to the continent’s western areas.

“This is a milestone for us. It is the first time a Chilean and Latin American president has visited the South Pole,” Boric said during the trip, as reported by TVN.

A Commitment to Science and Sovereignty

President Boric emphasized that the visit symbolizes Chile’s dedication to preserving Antarctica as a “continent of science and peace.” He also highlighted its importance in reinforcing Chile’s sovereignty claims in the region.

“From here, everything is north. There are only 12 flags flying, one of which is Chile’s. That is a source of pride,” Boric said, referring to the nations that signed the original Antarctic Treaty, including Argentina, Australia, and the United States.

Boric shared a video on social media platform X, formerly Twitter, from the South Pole, wearing a red jacket, black hat, and sunglasses. “Good morning from Chilean Antarctica, where everything begins,” he wrote.

Environmental Focus

The visit was part of Chile’s broader effort to enhance environmental monitoring of pollutants in Antarctica, a key component of Operation Pole Star III. Scientists accompanying the president aim to gather data to support ongoing research into the impacts of climate change and human activity on the fragile ecosystem.

Chile’s government hopes the trip will further bolster the country’s role in Antarctic research while fostering international collaboration under the principles of the Antarctic Treaty.

President Boric’s historic visit not only cements Chile’s place in Antarctic exploration but also reaffirms the continent’s unique status as a global hub for scientific inquiry and peaceful cooperation.

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