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Iranian Women Push Back Against Regime Through Radical Acts of Protest
Iranian women are intensifying their protests against the country’s authoritarian system, moving beyond symbolic gestures like cutting their hair or burning headscarves toward more confrontational forms of dissent. Recent demonstrations have included burning images of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, often combined with acts that challenge social restrictions imposed on women.
In November 2025, Omid Sarlak, a young man from western Iran, posted a video showing himself setting fire to a portrait of Khamenei. Hours later, his body was found in his car with a gunshot wound to the head. That same month, Samad Pourshah, a former political prisoner, performed a similar protest, burning the leader’s photograph to denounce Sarlak’s death. Security forces raided his home shortly after, but he was not present and has remained in hiding since.
The Iranian regime has repeatedly cracked down on such acts. In 2021, poet Qasem Bahrami was arrested in Mashhad after burning a portrait of Khamenei. He was held incommunicado for two months. Despite these threats, women’s protests have grown more visible and defiant, often using the act of burning the ayatollah’s image to light cigarettes—a challenge to both political authority and societal restrictions on women’s behavior. Videos of these protests have circulated widely on social media, making containment by authorities increasingly difficult.
The movement traces its origins to the 2022 death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini, who died in detention after allegedly violating hijab regulations. Her death sparked mass protests, known as the “Woman, Life, Freedom” movement, which were violently suppressed. More than 500 people were killed and over 19,400 arrested during the four-month crackdown. Despite the repression, women continued to resist through symbolic public acts.
In recent years, these acts have become increasingly bold. Women have appeared without hijabs in public spaces, knocked turbans off clerics, participated in sporting events without headscarves, and performed public demonstrations of nudity, including instances atop police vehicles. Protest participation spans all ages, including schoolgirls, highlighting the generational reach of the movement.
A separate dimension of protest has emerged through mass poisoning incidents in schools. Investigations revealed that more than 800 students in at least 15 cities were poisoned in 2023, causing widespread illness. The government denied involvement, and the perpetrators were never identified. Officials initially suggested the incidents aimed to close girls’ schools but later retracted these statements.
Analysts say Iranian women’s protests reflect a combination of resistance to political repression and defiance of deeply rooted social restrictions. By adopting highly visible and symbolic acts, they continue to push for freedom and equal rights despite the persistent threat of government violence. The movement has gained international attention, with videos circulating globally, underscoring the resilience of women’s activism in Iran.
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Chickenpox Outbreak Spreads Through Gaza Camps as Overcrowding and Vaccine Gaps Raise Alarm
A chickenpox outbreak is spreading rapidly through displacement camps in Gaza, with around 9,300 cases recorded across more than 130 health facilities in just two weeks.
Doctors and health workers say the actual number of infections is likely much higher because many patients are treated in tents or local clinics and never reach hospitals. The UN health cluster attributed the rise to severe overcrowding, high summer temperatures and worsening access to clean water.
More than half of the reported cases were recorded in Khan Younis governorate. Health teams also registered more than 18,000 new cases of infectious skin diseases across Gaza during the same week, including scabies, head lice and impetigo.
Isolation, which is recommended for children with chickenpox, is nearly impossible in many displacement camps. Families of six or more often live together in tents measuring only a few square metres, while in some locations multiple families share a single tent.
Hamada Abu Ghali, who is displaced in Nuseirat, said doctors told his daughter to stay apart from other family members after she was diagnosed with chickenpox. But the family had no space to follow the advice.
“Before the war we had a house and rooms, but today all of us are in one tent,” he said.
Ahmed Abu Hussein, displaced in Deir al-Balah, said children continued to play together because families could not keep them inside cramped shelters.
“We can’t control them or keep them inside the tent, so the infection ends up spreading to the whole family,” he said.
At Al-Rantisi Children’s Hospital, paediatric consultant Dr Sharif Mattar said official figures probably represented only a fraction of the outbreak. Many children are treated in displacement sites and primary healthcare centres, leaving their cases out of hospital statistics.
Nurse Sheimaa Hajji said health centres were seeing more children with widespread rashes. Treatment has largely focused on easing itching and preventing secondary bacterial infections, but supplies are running short.
The outbreak is being worsened by a vaccination crisis. Bassam Zaqout, director of Medical Relief in Gaza, said thousands of children born during the war had been unable to complete routine vaccination schedules. Restrictions on vaccine deliveries have also limited efforts to improve community protection.
Health officials have warned that chickenpox can pose additional risks to pregnant women, while maternity services in Gaza remain severely limited.
The World Health Organisation said the health system continues to operate with restricted capacity because of damaged facilities, shortages of medicines and a lack of medical staff.
UN field teams have also reported unsafe water supplies and sewage flowing around displacement sites.
The UN health cluster has increased the distribution of fever medicines, anti-itch treatments and antibiotics for bacterial complications. Health education teams have also been deployed.
Aid agencies warn that these efforts will not be enough without a major increase in medical supplies, clean water and hygiene materials reaching Gaza.
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