A major new initiative led by Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan is set to push the boundaries of artificial intelligence in biology, with a $500 million investment aimed at building detailed AI models of human cells.

The project, announced by their research organisation Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, will run over five years and seeks to create the tools and datasets needed to simulate how human cells function in both healthy and diseased states. The group says the data generated will be made freely available to scientists around the world.

Researchers involved in the effort believe that AI-powered models could transform the study of disease by allowing experiments to be conducted digitally at a scale not currently possible in laboratories. If successful, such models could help uncover how diseases develop and guide the creation of new treatments.

The Biohub was founded in 2016 to bring together engineers and scientists to better understand biology at the cellular level. Since then, it has built extensive datasets focused on individual cells and developed computing systems designed for biological research.

The latest investment includes $400 million allocated to internal work and an additional $100 million set aside to support external researchers. Among the project’s partners is Nvidia, which will contribute expertise in high-performance computing.

According to Biohub scientists, one of the biggest challenges facing the project is the need for vast amounts of data. AI systems become more accurate as they are trained on larger and more detailed datasets, but current biological data remains limited.

Alex Rives, the organisation’s head of science, said new technologies will be required to observe cells in greater detail, from molecular structures to how they behave in tissues. He noted that understanding the full complexity of biology will demand far more data than is currently available.

The initiative reflects a broader shift across the life sciences sector, where artificial intelligence is increasingly being used to speed up research and drug development. Companies and research groups are exploring how machine learning can help identify patterns in biological systems and predict how diseases progress.

Other technology firms are also expanding into this field. Isomorphic Labs is working on AI-driven drug discovery, while Microsoft has developed models for medical imaging and genomics.

Backers of the Biohub project say collaboration will be key to success, with hopes that additional funding from other organisations will help expand the effort. The long-term goal is ambitious: to use the combination of AI and biology to improve understanding of disease and accelerate the development of treatments on a global scale.

European Union regulators have issued preliminary findings against Meta Platforms, saying the company has failed to effectively prevent children under the age of 13 from using Facebook and Instagram.

The European Commission said its investigation found that Meta’s current safeguards do not meet the requirements of the Digital Services Act, the bloc’s landmark online safety law.

Although Meta’s terms of service require users to be at least 13 years old, regulators said the company’s age-verification systems are insufficient. Children can reportedly create accounts simply by entering a false date of birth, with no effective mechanism in place to confirm their real age.

According to the Commission, between 10% and 12% of children under 13 in the European Union are using Facebook or Instagram. That figure is significantly higher than Meta’s own internal estimates.

Regulators also said Meta failed to adequately consider established scientific research showing that younger children are particularly vulnerable to potential harms associated with social media use, including exposure to inappropriate content and risks to mental well-being.

Meta has rejected the Commission’s preliminary conclusions. In a statement, the company said both Facebook and Instagram are intended only for users aged 13 and older and that it already has systems in place to identify and remove underage accounts.

The company added that it continues to invest in technologies designed to detect younger users and indicated that additional safety measures will be announced in the coming days.

Meta also argued that determining a user’s true age remains a challenge across the technology industry and said a broader, industry-wide solution is needed. The company pledged to continue working with European regulators on the issue.

The findings come as several EU member states consider introducing wider restrictions on children’s access to social media, including proposals to ban use by those under 15.

To address the problem, the European Union is preparing to launch its own age-verification app. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said earlier this month that the technology is ready for rollout, although no official launch date has been announced.

Meta now has the opportunity to review the Commission’s findings and submit a formal response.

If the preliminary conclusions are upheld, the Commission could issue a binding non-compliance ruling. Under the Digital Services Act, penalties can reach up to 6% of a company’s global annual revenue, potentially exposing Meta to fines worth billions of euros.