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U.S. Deploys THAAD Missile Defense System to Israel Amid Rising Tensions
The U.S. military is deploying its advanced THAAD (Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense) missile defense system to Israel, a move aimed at strengthening Israel’s defense capabilities in the face of growing threats from Iran. The deployment comes after recent missile attacks on Israel, with the Pentagon confirming the dispatch of around 100 U.S. troops to operate the system.
The THAAD system, one of the most powerful anti-missile systems in the U.S. arsenal, is designed to intercept and destroy ballistic missiles during their terminal phase, either inside or outside the Earth’s atmosphere. THAAD interceptors rely on kinetic energy to neutralize incoming missiles, meaning they destroy their targets by direct impact rather than detonation. The system boasts an impressive success rate in testing.
The Pentagon’s decision to deploy THAAD to Israel follows a series of unprecedented missile attacks, including those on April 13 and October 1, believed to have been orchestrated by Iran. Tensions between Israel and Iran have escalated, with Tehran warning of retaliation if Israel launches further attacks.
THAAD’s deployment is part of a broader U.S. commitment to support Israel’s defense, particularly as it faces threats from Hezbollah and other militant groups in the region. The system will add a crucial layer to Israel’s already formidable air defense network, which includes systems like David’s Sling, the Arrow missile defense system, and the Iron Dome.
David’s Sling, a joint project between Israel’s RAFAEL Advanced Defense Systems and U.S. defense contractor Raytheon, can intercept targets up to 300 kilometers away. Above this, Israel’s Arrow 2 and Arrow 3 systems, developed in collaboration with the U.S., target ballistic missiles in the upper atmosphere and in space, respectively. The Iron Dome, Israel’s lower-level defense system, is designed to intercept short-range projectiles.
The deployment of THAAD adds another layer of defense, with its radar system, AN/TPY-2, capable of detecting missiles from up to 3,000 kilometers away in its forward-based mode. This makes it a valuable asset in defending against potential threats from Iran, located around 1,700 kilometers from Israel.
This is not the first time THAAD has been deployed to Israel. In 2019, the U.S. sent a THAAD battery to the region for military exercises, reinforcing its close military ties with Israel. THAAD has also been deployed in other strategic locations, including Guam and South Korea, as the U.S. works to counter threats from North Korea and China.
The decision to bolster Israel’s missile defense with THAAD highlights the growing concern over missile threats in the Middle East and the U.S. commitment to its allies in the region. The deployment serves as a deterrent, adding another layer of protection to Israel’s defense capabilities amidst rising regional tensions.
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Russia Demands SWIFT Reconnection as Condition to Revive Black Sea Initiative
Russia has set forth a key demand for the restoration of the Black Sea Initiative—reconnecting its Agricultural Bank, Rosselkhozbank, to the SWIFT financial system. This request, which falls under the jurisdiction of the European Union (EU), comes amid ongoing negotiations between global powers on the war in Ukraine.
Partial Ceasefire and Black Sea Security Agreement
Following recent talks in Saudi Arabia, the United States announced that Russia and Ukraine had agreed to a partial ceasefire specifically covering energy facilities. While this fell short of the broader ceasefire pushed by former President Donald Trump, the parties also agreed on measures to ensure the safe navigation of commercial vessels in the Black Sea and to prevent their use for military purposes.
However, the Kremlin quickly detailed additional conditions, demanding the lifting of sanctions on food exports, fertilizers, agricultural machinery, and cargo insurance. Most notably, Russia is insisting that Rosselkhozbank and other financial institutions involved in agricultural trade be reinstated on SWIFT, a global messaging system that facilitates secure financial transactions.
EU’s Role and Sanctions History
SWIFT, headquartered in Belgium, falls under EU regulations. In response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the EU removed several Russian banks from SWIFT in 2022, including Sberbank, Credit Bank of Moscow, and Rosselkhozbank. The exclusion was a significant blow to Russia’s financial system, as it restricted the country’s ability to conduct international transactions.
Rosselkhozbank, a state-owned institution, plays a critical role in facilitating payments for Russia’s agricultural exports, a major revenue source through the global sale of wheat, barley, and corn. While the EU has not directly sanctioned Russian agricultural exports, the banking restrictions have complicated payments for these transactions, leading to the collapse of the initial Black Sea Initiative brokered by Turkey and the United Nations.
Diplomatic Tensions and Uncertain Outcomes
The demand to reinstate Rosselkhozbank puts the EU in a difficult position. Granting this request could signal a willingness to make concessions, potentially encouraging Russia to seek further sanctions relief. However, refusing it could provoke tensions with the Trump administration, which is eager to secure a ceasefire.
President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has consistently opposed easing sanctions, arguing that they must remain in place until Russia ends its military aggression. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen echoed this stance, stating that sanctions would only be lifted after Russia takes concrete steps toward peace.
As EU sanctions require unanimous renewal every six months, any member state could disrupt the process. Hungary, which has previously expressed opposition to sanctions, could leverage this situation to push for changes when restrictions are up for review on July 31.
Future of SWIFT and Global Financial Pressures
While the EU holds the power to reinstate Rosselkhozbank’s SWIFT access, the U.S. could signal leniency by ensuring that those engaging with the bank avoid legal repercussions. Analysts suggest that Russia’s demand may be a strategic move to test both Washington and Brussels, pressuring the EU to reconsider its stance on financial restrictions.
For now, the EU remains firm in its approach. France has indicated that sanctions should remain unless Russia agrees to a full ceasefire, reparations, and security guarantees for Ukraine. However, with negotiations ongoing and international pressure mounting, the debate over SWIFT and broader sanctions relief is unlikely to fade anytime soon.
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