Business
Raising Pension Ages Sparks Controversy Across Europe Amid Economic Challenges
Efforts to raise the retirement age in Europe have ignited political backlash despite economic arguments supporting the move. As populations age and life expectancy increases, governments face mounting pressure to balance state budgets while addressing disparities among workers.
Raising the pension age has been positioned as a necessary measure to mitigate the growing ratio of retirees to active workers. However, critics argue that a universal approach is impractical and unfair, disproportionately impacting low-income earners, individuals in poor health, and those with physically demanding jobs.
In many countries, such as France, Italy, and Spain, exemptions exist for hazardous or arduous professions, allowing workers in such fields to retire earlier. For example, French workers exposed to extreme temperatures or night shifts can access their pensions sooner than others. Yet, these measures often fall short of addressing broader concerns over equity and worker wellbeing.
Health as a Determining Factor
Health remains a significant reason many workers retire before reaching the statutory pension age. Blue-collar workers, whose jobs are often physically demanding, are particularly affected, explained Arthur Seibold, an economics professor at the University of Mannheim. In contrast, white-collar workers tend to stay employed longer due to less physically taxing roles.
Investing in healthcare and creating age-friendly workplaces are vital strategies to keep workers engaged longer. Notably, studies suggest that postponing retirement can reduce cognitive decline, although the impact varies by profession and individual circumstances.
Financial Incentives and Flexibility
Financial considerations also influence retirement decisions. Wealthier individuals, often with additional savings or property assets, can afford early retirement. Barret Kupelian, chief economist at PwC, noted that rising house prices in the UK, for instance, encourage older workers to retire early, as they feel financially secure.
Governments have implemented incentives to retain older workers, such as tax breaks and flexible working arrangements. Belgium’s “flexi-job” system, which allows retirees to work tax-free, exemplifies this approach. Such measures, combined with a positive work environment, can motivate older employees to remain in the workforce.
Professional Fulfillment and Ageism
Many older workers cite professional satisfaction as a reason for staying employed. Edward, a retired accountant, described how returning to work gave him a renewed sense of purpose. Similarly, Janie, a self-employed luxury sales professional, emphasized the personal and financial rewards of working beyond retirement age.
While ageism in the workplace remains a concern, legal protections often favor older employees, making it harder to dismiss them. However, re-employment challenges persist, particularly due to higher wage expectations and skill gaps, such as technological proficiency.
As Europe grapples with labor shortages and aging populations, policymakers must balance economic demands with fairness and inclusivity. The debate over retirement will only intensify in the years ahead.
Business
Prada’s Strong Earnings Fuel Speculation Over Versace Acquisition
Prada Group has reported its fourth consecutive year of double-digit growth, positioning itself as a potential buyer for Versace, which is currently owned by Capri Holdings. The strong financial results come as the luxury sector faces its first downturn since the 2008 financial crisis, making Prada’s performance stand out among its competitors.
Prada’s Earnings Defy Market Trends
On Tuesday, Prada announced a 17% increase in revenues, reaching €5.4 billion in 2024, up from €4.7 billion in 2023. The company’s retail sales grew by 18%, totaling €4.6 billion.
Breaking down the performance by brand:
- Prada, which drives the majority of earnings, saw a 4% increase in sales.
- Miu Miu, the group’s younger brand, nearly doubled its revenues, marking a significant boost in demand.
This success comes despite a sluggish global luxury market, which contracted in 2023 for the first time in over a decade. Prada Group Chairman Patrizio Bertelli credited the company’s resilience to its commitment to “product innovation, quality, craftsmanship, and a deep understanding of contemporary fashion trends.”
Versace Acquisition Talks Gain Momentum
With Prada’s robust financial standing, speculation is growing over its interest in acquiring Versace from Capri Holdings. The U.S.-based luxury group, which also owns Michael Kors and Jimmy Choo, purchased Versace in 2018 for €1.8 billion but has since struggled to reposition the iconic Italian brand. Reports suggest Versace could now be valued at around €1.5 billion, a significant discount from its original price.
Prada’s Co-Chief Executive Miuccia Prada added fuel to the speculation last week when she commented that Versace was “on everybody’s table” following Prada’s Fall-Winter 2025-26 collection showcase.
During an analyst conference call, CEO Andrea Guerra remained cautious, stating that Prada’s focus remains on growing its existing brands. However, he also acknowledged that it would be “arrogant” not to explore opportunities, without directly naming Versace.
Challenges of a Potential Deal
While acquiring Versace could strengthen Prada’s portfolio, industry analysts warn of potential risks. Luca Solca, a luxury sector analyst at Bernstein, suggested that Prada “may be getting Versace on the cheap” but cautioned that turning around the brand would require significant investment, management attention, and short-term sacrifices.
Additionally, Prada’s past track record with acquisitions has been mixed, raising concerns about whether it can successfully integrate Versace into its operations.
Looking Ahead
As Capri Holdings struggles to reposition Versace, industry watchers will be closely monitoring Prada’s next moves. While the company remains non-committal, its strong earnings and market position give it the flexibility to make a bold acquisition—one that could reshape the future of both brands in the global luxury landscape.
Business
China Sets 2025 Growth Target at 5% Amid Rising Trade Tensions
Business
Income Tax Burdens Vary Across Europe, Study Finds
A new analysis of income tax burdens across Europe has revealed significant disparities in taxation levels, with Nordic countries and Belgium imposing the heaviest rates, while Eastern and Southern European nations generally maintain lower tax burdens.
According to data compiled by Euronews Business using Eurostat figures, the proportion of income tax deducted from gross earnings varies widely depending on location, marital status, number of income earners, and the presence of dependent children.
Single Workers Face Wide Tax Disparities
In 2023, the average single worker without children in the European Union (EU) had an annual gross income of €41,004, with income taxes accounting for 17.3% (€7,075). However, the tax burden ranged significantly across 31 countries, from as low as 3.2% in Cyprus to 36% in Denmark.
Denmark topped the list with an average annual gross salary of €65,506, of which €23,757 was deducted in taxes. In contrast, Cyprus had a much lower average salary of €26,689 but required only €853 in taxes. Other high-tax nations included Iceland and Belgium, both surpassing the 25% threshold, while Ireland, Italy, Finland, Luxembourg, and Norway also recorded rates above 20%.
In contrast, Poland (5.7%), Romania (7%), Bulgaria (8.6%), and Czechia (9%) had some of the lowest tax burdens. Among the EU’s largest economies, Italy’s rate stood at 22.1%, exceeding the EU average, while Germany (17%), France (16.2%), and Spain (15.6%) fell below it.
Switzerland: High Earnings, Low Tax Burden
Switzerland presented an interesting case, reporting the highest average annual gross earnings at €105,105. Despite its high wages, the country maintained a relatively low tax rate of 12.2% (€12,796 in taxes), ranking 22nd overall. Tax Foundation analyst Alex Mengden attributed this to intense competition among local tax jurisdictions within Switzerland.
Couples and Families See Reduced Tax Burdens
For a two-earner couple without children, the average gross annual earnings in the EU amounted to €81,732, with €14,000 (17.1%) paid in income taxes. Again, Denmark had the highest burden (35.5%), while Cyprus maintained the lowest rate at 3.3%.
When children are factored in, tax burdens decrease significantly. A one-earner couple with two children in the EU had an average gross income of €41,043, but paid only €3,311 in taxes, representing an 8.1% rate. Some countries, such as Slovakia (-14.1%), Czechia (-6.5%), Poland (-1.1%), and Germany (-0.2%), even offered negative tax rates, meaning eligible families received refunds instead of paying taxes.
Where Do Taxes Hit the Hardest?
The study confirms that Denmark consistently ranks highest in tax burdens across all household types. Belgium follows closely, ranking in the top three for most categories. Nordic countries generally impose the highest tax rates, while Eastern and Southern European nations tend to have lower tax burdens, often accompanied by strong family-oriented tax incentives.
Germany, Slovakia, and Portugal exhibit some of the largest tax reductions for one-earner families, signaling favorable policies for households with children. As income tax structures continue to evolve, regional trends show a persistent divide between high-tax welfare states and low-tax economies prioritizing wage growth and business-friendly policies.
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