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EU Struggles to Find Consensus on Defence Policy Amid Push for European Defence Union

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As the European Union seeks to bolster its defence capabilities after years of underinvestment, leaders across the bloc broadly agree on the need for stronger defence, though stark differences remain on how to achieve this goal. Diverging political views and national interests continue to shape the debate, with political groups, from moderates to the far-right, bringing conflicting visions for the future of Europe’s security framework.

Chair of the European Parliament’s Security and Defence subcommittee (SEDE), Marie-Agnes Strack Zimmerman (Renew Europe/Germany), sees a European Defence Union as essential to fill existing capability gaps. Speaking with Euronews, Strack Zimmerman emphasized the need for European countries to overcome their “national industry mentality” and collaborate more closely. Advocating for a European army, increased cooperation with allied nations, and expanded EU-level funding for defence, she proposed eurobonds as a potential financing solution.

However, Strack Zimmerman’s vision is likely to face opposition from the EU’s far-right factions, which gained seats in the June elections. Members of the far-right groups Patriots for Europe (PfE) and the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) generally view NATO as the cornerstone of Europe’s defence. Claudiu Târziu (Romania/ECR) and Reinis Poznaks (Latvia/ECR) argue that EU defence measures should reinforce NATO rather than seek greater autonomy from the alliance.

While far-right MEPs acknowledge the need for stronger defence, they see this within a national framework. “Small countries like Latvia, Lithuania, or Estonia cannot buy everything they need,” said Poznaks, suggesting that cooperation is necessary, though he believes defence capabilities should remain a national prerogative. Alice Teodorescu (Sweden/PfE) also supported reinforcing Europe’s defence industry, arguing it could help NATO’s resilience while respecting national sovereignty.

The question of funding looms large. EU estimates suggest an additional €50 billion is needed over the next decade to make Europe’s defence industry competitive with global powers like the US and China. To address this shortfall, SEDE Commissioner-designate Andrius Kubilius (EPP/Lithuania) has expressed openness to alternative financing, such as shared debt. However, Portuguese MEP António Tânger Corrêa (PfE) opposes central EU mechanisms like eurobonds, advocating instead for individual member-state control over defence budgets.

Strack Zimmerman further called for a European army, a concept embodied by the EU’s Rapid Deployment Capacity (RDC), set to be operational by 2025. However, radical and far-right groups resist this, viewing a common EU army as a potential encroachment on national sovereignty. Târziu voiced support for the RDC only within strict limits, while Poznaks dismissed the idea, insisting NATO should remain the primary defence alliance.

One area of potential agreement lies in integrating allied non-EU countries, such as the UK, into the EU’s defence market. The UK, a major NATO ally, has strengthened bilateral defence pacts with EU members, and Strack Zimmerman advocates privileged market access for the UK, given its close partnership. Poznaks also supports this idea, provided conditions are in place to ensure compatibility and avoid dependency on non-EU components.

These ongoing divisions indicate that any progress towards a unified EU defence strategy will require significant negotiation. As Europe seeks to strengthen its defence posture, the role of NATO and the extent of EU-led initiatives will continue to test the bloc’s ability to align competing national interests with a shared security vision.

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Car Crash Outside Chinese School Injures Multiple Students

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Multiple students were injured Tuesday morning after a car struck a group outside a primary school in Changde, a city in central China’s Hunan province, according to state news agency Xinhua.

Authorities have not disclosed the exact number of those injured but confirmed that all victims were taken to a hospital for treatment. None of the injuries were reported to be life-threatening, according to a local police statement.

The incident occurred just outside the school premises, causing chaos among students and staff. A 39-year-old male suspect was apprehended at the scene, and the case is under active investigation, police said.

Panic and Distress at the Scene

Videos circulating on social media, which have since been verified and geolocated, showed scenes of panic as children screamed and ran into the schoolyard. A man’s voice can be heard shouting, “Quickly, quickly,” urging others to move to safety.

Other footage depicted injured individuals, including adults, lying on the road. Police officers were seen handcuffing a man in front of a vehicle believed to be involved in the crash.

While these images gained brief attention online, they were swiftly removed from Chinese social media platforms. Comments sections on related posts were also disabled, reflecting ongoing efforts to control public discourse around the incident.

Rising Concerns Over Public Safety

The crash comes on the heels of a series of violent incidents across China that have unsettled the public. Just over a week ago, 35 people were killed in Zhuhai when a man drove his car into a crowd exercising at an outdoor sports center. Days later, a mass stabbing on a college campus in eastern China left eight dead and 17 injured.

These high-profile attacks, targeting random members of the public, have sparked widespread concern about public safety. Economic struggles and societal pressures are being cited as contributing factors behind these acts of violence, with online users describing them as acts of “revenge against society.”

Tuesday’s crash also echoes other recent incidents involving school children, including a stabbing near a Beijing elementary school in October and a bus crash outside a school in Shandong province in September, which killed 11 and injured 13.

Social media discussions surrounding these events have highlighted growing unease, with many users urging vigilance in public spaces. Comments from users on since-deleted posts expressed dismay over the targeting of children, with one writing, “How can someone target kids to get back at society?”

As the investigation into Tuesday’s crash continues, authorities are under pressure to address public safety concerns amid a noticeable rise in violent incidents.

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China Leads Global Shift to Clean Energy with Rapid Solar and Wind Expansion

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In the heart of China’s Kubuqi Desert, nearly 200,000 solar panels form the outline of a galloping horse, a cultural emblem of Inner Mongolia. Beyond its symbolic significance, the installation reflects China’s ambitious push toward renewable energy as the nation works to combat climate change and transform its energy landscape.

China is installing wind and solar energy projects at an unprecedented pace, accounting for two-thirds of the world’s utility-scale capacity under construction. With nearly 339 gigawatts of projects underway, the country is set to generate enough electricity to power over 250 million homes, according to the Global Energy Monitor. This is in addition to the 758 gigawatts of renewable capacity already operational.

A Global Climate Leader

As the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases, China has a pivotal role in global efforts to combat climate change. While emissions from the nation remain high—accounting for nearly a third of the global total—there are signs of a slowdown. Experts, including senior U.S. officials, believe China’s emissions could soon peak, potentially marking a turning point in the fight against climate change.

“China is now a global renewables powerhouse,” said Jonathan Pershing, former U.S. State Department climate diplomat. “The scale and speed of their wind and solar expansion are extraordinary and offer a model for other nations.”

China’s commitment to renewables has already exceeded targets. President Xi Jinping pledged to install 1,200 gigawatts of renewable capacity by 2030—a goal achieved six years early. By the early 2030s, the International Energy Agency predicts China will generate more solar power than the U.S. consumes.

Balancing Progress with Challenges

While renewable energy is rapidly displacing coal as the dominant power source in China, the country continues to build new coal plants even as it retires older ones. Wind and solar currently account for 37% of China’s electricity generation, reducing coal’s share by over 17% in the past two decades.

Experts like John Podesta, White House senior advisor on climate policy, emphasize the need for further coal plant retirements. “China has the capacity to phase out coal at a faster pace, which would have enormous implications for global emissions,” Podesta said.

Toward Emissions Reductions

China has committed to peaking carbon emissions before 2030, but U.S. officials are urging a steeper reduction—30% by 2035. Achieving this would save 4.7 gigatons of carbon pollution, equivalent to the U.S.’s total annual emissions.

While independent analysis suggests a recent 1% drop in China’s emissions, experts caution against drawing conclusions too early. However, shifts in China’s economy—marked by slowing demand for industrial materials and growing investment in solar and electric vehicle production—indicate a broader transformation.

Li Shuo of the Asia Society Policy Institute noted the significance of China’s progress: “If China’s emissions plateau, global emissions will likely follow, marking a milestone in combating climate change. It’s an insufficient first step but an important one.”

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Hezbollah Official Reportedly Killed in Israeli Airstrike Amid Escalating Tensions

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Hezbollah spokesperson Mohammed Afif was reportedly killed in an Israeli airstrike on Beirut on Sunday, according to Lebanese security sources cited by Reuters. The strike targeted the Ras al-Nebaa area of Lebanon’s capital in broad daylight, marking a rare Israeli operation within Beirut’s city limits.

While the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) declined to comment, Hezbollah’s media office has reportedly been receiving condolences, suggesting confirmation of Afif’s death. The incident represents only the fourth Israeli strike on Beirut since the 2006 conflict between Hezbollah and Israel.

Afif had served as the head of media relations for Hezbollah and recently emerged as a prominent figure following the assassination of Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah in September. His death comes amid an intensified Israeli military campaign against Hezbollah in Lebanon and ongoing diplomatic efforts to broker a ceasefire.

Escalation in Lebanon

Israel’s military operations have expanded deeper into Lebanese territory, with ground forces reaching the village of Chama, 61 miles south of Beirut, over the weekend. Israeli troops withdrew after clashes with Hezbollah fighters, according to Lebanese state media.

In Beirut, Israeli airstrikes targeted southern suburbs for the sixth consecutive day, with renewed evacuation warnings issued for residents of Haret Hreik, a known Hezbollah stronghold.

Simultaneously, discussions regarding a U.S.-led ceasefire initiative are underway in Beirut. Lebanese officials and Hezbollah are reportedly evaluating the proposal, which aims to prevent further escalation of Israel’s military actions in Lebanon.

Rising Casualties in Gaza

The reported killing of Afif coincides with ongoing Israeli military operations in Gaza. Strikes on Beit Lahiya in northern Gaza killed at least 50 people on Sunday morning, according to Gaza’s health ministry. The victims included displaced Palestinians sheltering in residential areas, local journalists reported.

Another strike on al-Bureij in central Gaza claimed 23 lives, according to Al Aqsa Martyrs Hospital. Residents described scenes of devastation and panic, with children crying for their parents amid the rubble.

The IDF has maintained that its offensive is focused on dismantling Hamas’ infrastructure, particularly in areas like Jabalya, where intelligence suggests attempts to rebuild militant capabilities. However, the military campaign has also resulted in significant civilian casualties and mass displacements.

Regional Implications

The escalating conflict in both Lebanon and Gaza underscores the growing regional tensions as Israel intensifies its operations on multiple fronts. With diplomatic efforts ongoing, the outcome of ceasefire negotiations could shape the trajectory of the conflict in the coming weeks.

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