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EU Privacy Regulators Fine Meta €251 Million Over 2018 Facebook Data Breach

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Meta, the parent company of Facebook, has been fined €251 million by European Union privacy regulators following an investigation into a 2018 data breach that exposed millions of user accounts. The penalties, announced Monday by Ireland’s Data Protection Commission (DPC), highlight multiple violations of the EU’s stringent General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

The breach, which occurred in 2018, allowed hackers to exploit vulnerabilities in Facebook’s “View As” feature to steal digital access tokens—keys that enable users to remain logged into their accounts. This flaw enabled attackers to gain unauthorized control over approximately 29 million accounts globally, including 3 million in Europe.

Investigation Findings

The DPC, serving as Meta’s primary EU privacy regulator due to the company’s regional headquarters in Dublin, concluded that Meta had committed several GDPR infringements. The regulatory body imposed the significant fine alongside issuing formal reprimands.

Facebook initially estimated the breach impacted 50 million accounts but later revised the figure to 29 million. The compromised data included access credentials, making the breach particularly severe in terms of user vulnerability.

Meta Responds

Meta expressed its intent to appeal the decision. In a statement, the company said, “This decision relates to an incident from 2018. We took immediate action to fix the problem as soon as it was identified.” The company also emphasized its transparency, noting that it “proactively informed people impacted” and promptly notified regulators and law enforcement, including the FBI.

Meta has since patched the bugs in the “View As” feature and discontinued the tool to prevent similar vulnerabilities.

The Attack Mechanism

The breach stemmed from three specific bugs in the “View As” feature, which allowed users to preview how their profiles appeared to others. Hackers leveraged these flaws to obtain access tokens from accounts appearing in search results. These tokens then granted attackers the ability to control the accounts, spreading the breach from one user’s network of friends to another.

Broader Implications

The fine underscores the EU’s commitment to enforcing GDPR regulations, which aim to protect user data and hold companies accountable for lapses. The Irish DPC has been increasingly active in regulating tech giants, given Dublin’s role as a hub for several multinational tech firms.

This penalty is one of several recent actions taken against Meta over data privacy issues, reflecting growing scrutiny of the company’s practices. As the appeal process unfolds, the decision further highlights the mounting challenges faced by tech companies navigating Europe’s robust regulatory landscape.

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Holiday Budgeting Tips: How to Save Money on Christmas in 2024

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With the festive season around the corner, holiday expenses are quickly piling up—gifts, social gatherings, decorations, and festive feasts. However, soaring living costs and higher interest rates have left many consumers with less disposable income this year, prompting a need for smarter budgeting strategies to avoid overspending during Christmas.

Experts Highlight Early Planning

Christie Cook, Managing Director of Retail at Hodge Bank, emphasized the importance of preparing early. “Ideally, we’d all enter the festive season with savings set aside, but with rising energy and domestic bills, many might feel unprepared for December’s higher outgoings,” she explained.

Cook suggested starting savings early and consistently setting aside money every payday. For instance, putting £50 (€60) into a savings account each month could yield £600 (€721) by the next holiday season. Fixed-term ISAs are another option for those with lump sums to save, providing interest benefits over the long term.

Budgeting and Spending Wisely

Tracking expenses and setting firm spending limits are crucial to avoiding holiday debt. Opting for cash or debit card payments over credit cards can offer better financial control and eliminate high-interest costs.

Shopping early for gifts can help spread expenses throughout the year and unlock better deals. Comparing prices and using cashback websites are other savvy strategies to maximize savings. Repurposing old decorations or making your own can also cut costs.

Managing Festive Feasts

Christmas dinners, often one of the biggest holiday expenses, can be managed through careful planning. Online portion calculators can reduce food waste, while buying frozen turkeys instead of fresh ones and focusing on fewer, crowd-favorite dishes can significantly lower costs. Hosting a potluck-style meal can further ease the financial and logistical burden.

Trends in 2024 Holiday Shopping

This year, consumers are prioritizing savings and seeking ways to cut costs. According to Vericast’s 2024 Holiday Retail TrendWatch report, 38% of respondents are hunting for discounts, while 27% are exploring local deals.

Interestingly, 41% of shoppers plan to prioritize gifts for themselves, even if it means spending less on others. Physical gifts remain more popular than experiences, largely due to cost considerations, while AI tools and digital wish lists are emerging as key shopping aids.

Many families are also reassessing holiday traditions, scaling back on extended gift exchanges and large gatherings to manage expenses.

Average Holiday Spending

In the UK, average Christmas spending per person is approximately £768 (€923), while other European countries, such as France (€159) and Germany (€166), report lower figures. Italy (€117) and Spain (€95) rank the lowest among major Western European economies.

Cook advised consumers to create wish lists and stick to them to avoid unnecessary purchases. “Unwanted gifts are often a waste of time and money,” she said.

While financial planning may feel daunting, early preparation and mindful spending can help ensure a joyful holiday season without the strain of overspending.

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Natural Gas Prices Hit Two-Year High Amid Winter Demand and Supply Concerns

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Natural gas prices surged to their highest levels in nearly two years on Friday, driven by expectations of a colder-than-average winter in the northern hemisphere, dwindling supplies, and ongoing geopolitical tensions.

Benchmark natural gas futures rose to $3.66 per million British thermal units (MMBtu) during the Asian trading session, the highest price since January 2023. Year to date, prices have climbed 40%, reflecting mounting concerns among traders about rising demand and supply challenges.

Winter Weather Boosts Demand

The anticipated cold blast across Europe, China, Japan, and parts of the United States has heightened expectations of increased heating needs. According to EBW Analytics Group, mid-January weather forecasts point to a potential surge in daily heating demand by 18 billion cubic feet over the weekend.

“Weather patterns indicate below-average temperatures across key regions, which could drive significant consumption of natural gas for heating,” the group noted.

Supply Constraints Add Pressure

Supply-side challenges are compounding the price rise. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) reported a net withdrawal of 125 billion cubic feet from working natural gas inventory for the week ending December 13, signaling tighter availability.

Geopolitical tensions have also played a role. Russia’s reduced gas supply to Europe following its 2022 aggression in Ukraine has led to increased reliance on the U.S. and Norway, now the region’s primary suppliers. Any further sanctions on Russian energy exports could exacerbate the supply crunch.

Additionally, production disruptions caused by Hurricane Rafael in the Gulf of Mexico in November contributed to a bullish trend, with prices rebounding from a four-year low of $1.53 MMBtu in February to the current levels.

Market Outlook: Short-Term Volatility, Long-Term Growth

In the near term, natural gas prices are expected to remain volatile. Analysts suggest that U.S. energy policies under President-elect Donald Trump, which emphasize fossil fuel production, could balance supply and demand dynamics.

Over the long term, natural gas demand is projected to grow, particularly as a key power source for the burgeoning artificial intelligence (AI) industry. S&P Global Commodity Insights estimates a one-third increase in global power demand over the next decade, with natural gas expected to play a critical role as a stable energy source.

Wells Fargo analysts predict a 20% rise in electricity demand by 2030 due to AI-driven infrastructure needs, with natural gas likely to provide 47 gigawatts annually between 2024 and 2035.

Goldman Sachs anticipates that natural gas will account for 60% of the power required for AI operations, as renewable energy alone cannot meet the growing demand.

As energy markets brace for winter and longer-term shifts in consumption patterns, natural gas is positioned to remain a vital component of the global energy mix.

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Global Markets Slide as Fed’s Hawkish Rate Cut Triggers Bond Yield Surge

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Global markets are poised to end the week on a downward trend after the U.S. Federal Reserve’s hawkish rate cut on Wednesday led to a surge in government bond yields and drained liquidity.

Stock Markets Decline

Major equity markets across the globe experienced significant losses, with Thursday marking one of the broadest selloffs since August. The Fed’s decision, which projected fewer rate cuts in 2025, dashed hopes for a year-end “Santa Rally” and spurred negative sentiment among investors.

In the U.S., the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 3.39% over the past five trading days, while the S&P 500 dropped 3.04% and the tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite slid 2.8%. The small-cap Russell 2000 was hit hardest, tumbling 5.5%. All 11 sectors of the S&P 500 ended the week in negative territory, with real estate and energy leading losses at 6.84% and 6.76%, respectively.

In Europe, major indices also posted significant declines. The pan-European Stoxx 600 fell 2.32%, Germany’s DAX dropped 2.14%, France’s CAC 40 slipped 1.55%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 shed 2.35%. Declines in energy and industrial stocks weighed heavily on these markets, with oil and metal prices under pressure.

Bond Yields Soar

The Fed’s stance sent yields on benchmark government bonds soaring. The U.S. 10-year Treasury yield rose to 4.56%, its highest level since May, while Germany’s 10-year bond yield climbed to 2.3%, a one-month high.

Divergent Central Bank Policies

Central banks around the world responded differently to economic conditions.

In the UK, the Bank of England held interest rates steady at 4.75% but signaled caution about future rate cuts. Governor Andrew Bailey emphasized a gradual approach, contrasting sharply with the Fed’s hawkish outlook. This divergence weakened the British pound to its lowest level since May.

Meanwhile, the Bank of Japan maintained its policy rate and gave no clear guidance on future hikes, causing the yen to weaken against the dollar. In China, the People’s Bank of China left its loan prime rates unchanged, likely influenced by the Fed’s position.

Economic Data and Outlook

In the U.S., third-quarter GDP growth was revised upward to an annualized rate of 3.1%, reinforcing the Fed’s cautious approach to easing. However, New Zealand slipped into a technical recession after consecutive quarters of contraction.

The week’s developments underscore challenges for global markets as they navigate mixed economic signals, tightening monetary policies, and geopolitical uncertainties.

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