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Eastern Europe Leads in Real Wage Growth in 2024, Turkey Tops the Chart

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Real wages rose sharply across much of Europe in 2024, with Eastern European nations recording the strongest growth, according to the latest OECD Taxing Wages 2025 report and Eurostat data. Out of 32 European countries analyzed, only four experienced a drop in real wages after adjusting for inflation.

Turkey posted the most significant gains, with nominal gross wages surging by 82.9% year-on-year—driven largely by the country’s sky-high inflation rate of 58.3%. Despite the inflation, Turkey recorded the highest real wage growth in Europe at 15.5%. However, the figure has drawn scrutiny, with opposition figures and former officials from the Turkish Statistical Institute questioning the accuracy of official inflation data.

Romania and Bulgaria followed Turkey in the real wage growth rankings. Romania saw a 20.9% increase in nominal wages, translating to a 14.3% real wage gain thanks to a comparatively low inflation rate of 5.8%. Bulgaria reported a 9.2% rise in real wages, with nominal wages up 12% and inflation held to 2.6%.

Eight European countries reported real wage growth above 7%. Besides Turkey, Romania, and Bulgaria, this group includes Malta (9%), Hungary (8.9%), Latvia (8.4%), Poland (7.8%), and Lithuania (7.2%).

In Southern Europe, wage growth was more modest but still positive. Italy led the region with a 2.7% increase in real wages, followed by Cyprus (2.1%), Spain (1.9%), and Greece (1.7%).

Among Europe’s five largest economies, Italy also recorded the highest real wage growth. Germany followed at 2.2%, ahead of Spain (1.9%), the UK (1.6%), and France, which reported the lowest increase at just 0.7%.

Only four countries saw real wage declines in 2024: Belgium (-1%), Finland (-0.9%), Iceland (-0.7%), and Luxembourg (-0.4%). Finland was the sole country where nominal wages slightly declined, falling by €14 compared to the previous year. However, with inflation under 1%, the resulting drop in real wages was relatively small.

The figures cover gross wages before taxes and social contributions and reflect the average earnings of a single worker without children. While 2024 brought a strong rebound in wage growth for many European workers after years of stagnation, wide regional disparities persist—underscoring the uneven impact of inflation and wage policy across the continent.

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European Markets Slide as U.S.-China Tariff Tensions Escalate

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European stock markets slipped on Monday afternoon as renewed trade tensions between the U.S. and China unsettled investors, reigniting fears of a prolonged global trade dispute.

By 13:05 CEST, all major European indexes were trading in negative territory. The EURO STOXX 50 had dropped 0.68%, Germany’s DAX was down 0.48%, and France’s CAC 40 had fallen by 0.63%.

The downturn followed comments from Beijing accusing the United States of “severely violating” the terms of their recent trade agreement, prompting concerns of a fresh round of retaliatory measures. Investors were also reacting to U.S. President Donald Trump’s announcement that tariffs on steel and aluminium imports would be doubled from 25% to 50% starting Wednesday.

“Donald Trump has upset markets once again,” said Russ Mould, investment director at AJ Bell, in a note shared with Euronews. “Doubling import taxes on steel and aluminium, and aggravating China once again, mean we face a situation where uncertainty prevails. Trump’s continuous moving of the goalposts is frustrating for businesses, governments, consumers, and investors.”

Market sentiment soured across Europe and Asia, with futures suggesting a similarly weak open for Wall Street later in the day. In response to rising uncertainty, investors turned to safe-haven assets, giving gold a boost.

U.S. Market Outlook Mixed

While U.S. equity markets ended May relatively flat, major indices posted solid gains over the month, lifted by earlier optimism around easing trade tensions. However, that sentiment is now under pressure.

“The latest broadsides from the White House were primarily directed at China and the EU, with both threatening a response in kind to any further tariff hikes,” said Richard Hunter, head of markets at Interactive Investor.

Still, there were some encouraging economic signals. The Federal Reserve’s preferred inflation gauge, the Personal Consumption Expenditures index, came in lower than expected, while consumer sentiment surprised on the upside. Analysts caution, however, that these may be temporary reprieves.

Looking ahead, attention is turning to U.S. non-farm payroll data due at the end of the week. Economists forecast 130,000 new jobs added in May, down from 177,000 the previous month, with unemployment expected to hold at 4.2%.

Despite recent gains, U.S. markets remain fragile. Year-to-date, the Dow Jones is down 0.6%, the Nasdaq 1%, while the S&P 500 has managed a modest 0.5% rise, bolstered in part by strength in large-cap tech stocks.

Asian Markets Also Weigh Trade and Geopolitics

Asian markets also came under pressure. The Hang Seng index fell amid renewed concerns over U.S. tariffs and geopolitical uncertainty stemming from ongoing Russia-Ukraine tensions.

Mainland China’s markets were closed for a public holiday, but investors expect potential losses upon reopening, particularly after recent data showed further contraction in factory activity.

With trade tensions heating up again, global markets are bracing for a volatile start to June.

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Costa Rica Emerges as High-Tech Powerhouse with Sustainable Growth Model

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Once known primarily for its lush rainforests and tropical agricultural exports, Costa Rica is rapidly redefining itself as a leading high-tech hub in Latin America. With strong economic growth, rising exports of medical devices and digital services, and a firm commitment to sustainability, the Central American nation is carving out a new role on the global stage.

Defying a broader global slowdown in 2024, Costa Rica posted an impressive 4.3% GDP growth, outpacing many OECD economies. The performance reflects the culmination of three decades of economic transformation, as the country steadily shifted away from a commodity-based economy to one focused on innovation, technology, and green development.

The country’s national branding initiative, “essential COSTA RICA,” reflects this vision. It aligns export, tourism, and investment strategies around core values of sustainability, innovation, and excellence. The brand has gained international recognition, and over 760 companies have earned certification for meeting its standards.

One of the most striking developments is Costa Rica’s rise as the second-largest exporter of high-tech goods in Latin America, trailing only Mexico. In 2024, the country exported over €28 billion worth of goods and services, with medical devices accounting for 44% of total goods exports. Global giants like Boston Scientific, Medtronic, and Intel have helped turn the country into a regional manufacturing hub.

Agriculture still plays a role — with pineapples alone accounting for more than €1.4 billion in exports — but it now represents just 18% of goods exports, as Costa Rica balances tradition with innovation. Importantly, the country’s agricultural sector remains committed to sustainable farming practices.

Tourism is also evolving beyond traditional eco-tourism. Investment in the sector more than doubled last year, as Costa Rica embraced regenerative travel, scientific tourism, and remote work infrastructure. All new developments are subject to strict environmental standards, ensuring growth benefits both communities and ecosystems.

Perhaps the most dramatic shift is happening in digital services. In 2024, knowledge-intensive sectors made up 58% of Costa Rica’s service exports. With a bilingual, tech-savvy workforce and strong educational infrastructure, the country is becoming a trusted provider of IT, analytics, cloud computing, and telecom services, particularly to North American and European clients.

Inclusive growth has also taken hold. A growing number of exporters are located outside the capital region, and over half of companies engaged in trade initiatives are led by women—an outcome of policies aimed at embedding inclusion in economic development.

For European partners, Costa Rica stands out as a strategic trade ally, offering environmentally responsible, high-quality exports backed by a free trade agreement with the EU. Most manufacturing is powered by renewable energy, and its products meet or exceed Europe’s evolving sustainability standards.

Costa Rica’s transformation presents a compelling model for balancing environmental stewardship with global economic competitiveness — one that continues to draw attention far beyond the tropics.

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Financial Influencer Jenny Okpechi Shares How Early Investing Helped Her Build a Six-Figure Portfolio

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Financial influencer Jenny Okpechi, known online as @savvymoneygirl, is championing the power of early and consistent investing after building a multiple six-figure portfolio through smart financial planning and diversified income streams.

Speaking to Euronews, Okpechi emphasized that wealth-building is a long-term process rooted in discipline, education, and strategic action—not overnight success. Her financial journey began at just 16, when she started saving and investing small amounts despite limited resources.

“I started very young and very intentionally,” she said. “I learned to budget, live within my means, and gradually moved from saving to investing in treasury bills, corporate bonds, and stocks.”

Raised in a traditional African household where financial decision-making was often seen as a male role, Okpechi had to push against cultural barriers. “I wanted to prove that women could manage and grow money just as well,” she said. That determination led her to pursue multiple sources of income while also studying, including paid surveys, tutoring, and blogging.

Today, Okpechi boasts eight income streams, ranging from her full-time job as a Scrum Master and a part-time healthcare assistant role, to digital product sales, affiliate marketing, brand collaborations, and investments in REITs, index funds, and stocks. She is also building Moneybestie, a fintech app aimed at improving financial literacy among women and girls.

“I pay myself first and invest consistently. I only invest in what I understand—nothing fancy, just steady and simple,” she said. She credits compound interest and the discipline of regular investing as major factors in her portfolio growth.

Okpechi encourages young people to start investing early—even with small amounts. “Don’t wait until you earn more. Start with £25 a month if that’s all you can. Automate it, and let time do the work,” she advised. “Time in the market beats timing the market.”

Despite her success, Okpechi has faced challenges—from overcoming imposter syndrome in the male-dominated finance and tech industries to battling burnout while juggling multiple roles. She also confronted deep-rooted gender biases that undervalue women’s financial potential.

Her message to aspiring investors is clear: “Learn about money like your financial freedom depends on it—because it does. Talk about money, forgive your financial mistakes, and keep moving forward.”

With Generation Z reportedly beginning to invest earlier than previous generations—at an average age of 19—Okpechi’s story offers both inspiration and practical guidance for anyone looking to secure their financial future.

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