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Cannabis and Cocaine Top Drug Use in the EU, but Other Substances Pose Rising Risks

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Cannabis and cocaine remain the most commonly used drugs across the European Union, but other substances are emerging as significant public health threats, according to a joint report by the European Commission and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Nearly one in three Europeans have tried illegal drugs at some point in their lives. Regular drug use is linked to heightened risks of cardiovascular disease, mental health problems, accidents, and infectious diseases like HIV, particularly with injectable substances.

Cannabis and Cocaine Usage

Cannabis use is especially prevalent among young adults, with 15% reporting consumption in the past year. Among all age groups, the highest rates of cannabis use were found in the Czech Republic, Italy, France, and Spain. In contrast, Malta, Turkey, and Hungary reported the lowest rates.

Cocaine use is less common but remains significant, with 2.5% of young adults reporting use in the past year. The Netherlands, Spain, and Ireland report the highest rates of cocaine use, while Turkey, Portugal, Poland, and Hungary show the lowest prevalence.

Law Enforcement Impact

Strict drug penalties appear to have limited influence on drug availability for younger populations. “The major penalties impact only the people who use the substance once or fewer times in a year, so not the real [heavy] users,” explained Sabrina Molinaro, an epidemiologist and research director at Italy’s National Research Council.

Drug habits among youth often predict adult trends, Molinaro noted. Historically, boys were more likely than girls to use cannabis, but that gap has narrowed in recent years, with girls surpassing boys in some countries.

Growing Risks from Other Drugs

While cannabis and cocaine dominate drug use in the EU, substances like MDMA (ecstasy), heroin, opioids, psychedelics, and synthetic drugs are emerging as critical threats. Synthetic drugs, including lab-made cannabinoids and stimulants, pose unique challenges because they are difficult to identify and regulate quickly.

“They are so dangerous [because] you don’t know what you are taking,” said Molinaro, emphasizing the risks posed by low-quality manufacturing and potential contamination.

The EU dismantled hundreds of synthetic drug labs in 2022, and its early warning system identified seven new synthetic opioid substances in 2023, noted for their potency and health risks.

Public Health Concerns

Synthetic drugs, in particular, are a growing issue among adult populations, according to Molinaro. With the rise in new substances and increasing drug availability, experts are calling for more robust measures to address these evolving challenges.

The report underscores the need for comprehensive approaches to tackle drug use and its health implications across the EU, including better monitoring, education, and targeted interventions.

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King Charles III Thanks Health Workers in Heartfelt Christmas Message Amid Cancer Diagnoses in Royal Family

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In his 2024 Christmas message, King Charles III expressed profound gratitude to health workers who supported him and his family through a challenging year marked by two cancer diagnoses.

The 76-year-old monarch, speaking in a pre-recorded address, praised the dedication of medical professionals. “From a personal point of view, I offer special, heartfelt thanks to the selfless doctors and nurses who this year have supported me and other members of my family through the uncertainties and anxieties of illness and have helped provide the strength, care, and comfort we have needed,” he said.

A Challenging Year

Earlier this year, Buckingham Palace revealed that King Charles had been diagnosed with an undisclosed form of cancer in February, prompting a two-month hiatus from public duties. The monarch has since resumed engagements, including an October tour of Australia and the South Pacific, where he appeared in good spirits.

Shortly after the King’s diagnosis, the Princess of Wales, Kate Middleton, also announced her own battle with cancer. Kate, who completed chemotherapy this year, has gradually returned to public life. On Christmas Day, she attended services at Sandringham alongside other senior royals, where she embraced a cancer patient in a touching moment of solidarity.

In her annual Christmas carol service broadcast from Westminster Abbey, Kate reflected on the challenges of the year, emphasizing the importance of empathy. “The Christmas story encourages us to consider the experiences and feelings of others. It also reflects our own vulnerabilities and reminds us of the importance of giving and receiving empathy, as well as just how much we need each other in spite of our differences,” she said.

Broader Reflections

The King’s address also touched on global and domestic issues. He spoke about the “devastating effects of conflict” in regions such as the Middle East, Central Europe, and Africa, underscoring the toll of war on communities worldwide.

On the home front, he praised the resilience of communities that came together in the wake of riots sparked by a tragic stabbing attack at a dance class, which left three girls dead and several others injured.

Royal Family’s Public Appearance

Earlier on Christmas Day, the King, Queen Camilla, and other senior royals attended church services in Sandringham. The family walked together, greeting well-wishers who had gathered to see them.

This year marks King Charles III’s third Christmas address since ascending the throne in September 2022 following the death of Queen Elizabeth II. His heartfelt message highlighted the importance of unity, resilience, and gratitude during trying times, resonating with audiences across the nation.

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UK Ranks Lowest in Children’s Well-Being in Europe Amid Growing Concerns Over Life Satisfaction

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A new report has revealed that the UK ranks lowest in children’s well-being among European nations, highlighting an alarming decline in life satisfaction among its youth. The findings, published in the 2024 Good Childhood Report by The Children’s Society, underline a range of socio-economic and mental health challenges contributing to this trend.

Key Findings from the Report

The report shows that 25.2% of children in the UK reported low life satisfaction, the highest percentage in Europe. This contrasts sharply with the Netherlands, where only 6.7% of 15-year-olds expressed dissatisfaction with their lives. Other high-ranking countries for youth well-being include Finland (10.8%) and Denmark (11.3%).

In comparison, Poland (24.4%) and Malta (23.6%) were among the other nations with significant levels of dissatisfaction. On average, 16.6% of young people across Europe are dissatisfied with their lives, equivalent to about one in six.

Contributing Factors

Jack O’Neill, Policy and Public Affairs Manager at The Children’s Society, attributed the UK’s low ranking to several factors, including socio-economic inequality and the cost-of-living crisis. “The UK also showed the largest gap in life satisfaction between advantaged and disadvantaged youth,” O’Neill said, emphasizing how this inequality impacts children’s well-being.

The report also highlighted food insecurity, with 11% of UK children aged 15 skipping meals due to financial constraints. Families in the UK are increasingly unable to afford holidays, extracurricular activities, or special celebrations, with 41% citing financial barriers.

Mental Health and Education Challenges

Mental health support for children in the UK remains inadequate, with over 270,000 young people waiting for assistance after an initial referral. School-related stress, including exam pressures, bullying, and a lack of safety and belonging, further exacerbates the issue. The UK had the second-highest rate of bullying in Europe, and 14.3% of young people expressed dissatisfaction with their school experience.

“School should be an opportunity for young people to create lifelong memories, make friends, and find inspiration, but for many, this isn’t the case,” O’Neill stated.

Broader European Trends

While the UK stands out, declining well-being among young people is a Europe-wide issue. UNICEF data indicates that life satisfaction among 15-year-olds dropped from 74% in 2018 to 69% in 2022 across 23 European nations. Poverty remains a significant factor, affecting one in four children in the EU.

Calls for Action

Experts, including O’Neill, stress the need for government intervention. Proposed measures include early mental health support, school reforms to reduce bullying, and legislation to tackle child poverty. “We must ensure that no family lacks basic necessities and that children’s voices are heard,” O’Neill urged.

As Europe grapples with these challenges, policymakers face growing pressure to address the root causes of declining youth well-being and provide a brighter future for the next generation.

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New Study Finds Autism Prevalence Nearly Double Previous Estimates

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A new global study has revealed that one in 127 people, or approximately 61.8 million individuals worldwide, are on the autism spectrum—a figure nearly double previous estimates.

The study, conducted by researchers from 10 Australian institutions, including the University of Queensland and the University of Sydney, was published in The Lancet Psychiatry. Using 2021 data, the research highlights a significant increase in autism prevalence compared to the last global assessment based on 2019 data, which estimated the prevalence at one in 271 people.

This substantial difference is attributed to improved methodologies, with researchers excluding studies that likely underestimated autism rates.

Gender Disparities in Diagnosis

The study found that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is twice as prevalent in males compared to females. However, researchers suggest this disparity may be partially due to diagnostic gaps. Girls often receive a diagnosis later or remain undiagnosed due to differences in symptom presentation.

There is also speculation that genetic factors may offer girls a degree of “protection” against the condition, according to The Transmitter, a neuroscience-focused publication.

Impact on Youth

ASD was found to be most common among individuals under 20 years old. The study underscores the importance of early detection and support for autistic young people and their caregivers. Signs of autism typically emerge between the ages of one and three, according to the American Psychiatric Association.

“Autistic people are at an increased risk of social isolation, academic or employment difficulties, and might require psychosocial support into adulthood,” the study’s authors noted. They emphasized that early diagnosis can lead to better outcomes by enabling timely interventions.

Global Perspective and Challenges

The findings align with estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), which states that one percent of children globally have autism. The researchers called for improved precision and better global representation in autism prevalence data.

“Work to improve the precision and global representation of our findings is required, starting with better global coverage of epidemiological data,” the study’s authors stated.

Autism, a complex neurodevelopmental condition, varies widely in its manifestations. Common characteristics include difficulties in social communication and interaction, sensory processing challenges, and repetitive behaviors. The condition persists throughout life and requires tailored support for individuals across all stages of development.

This latest research highlights the need for enhanced awareness, better diagnostic tools, and comprehensive support systems for individuals with autism worldwide.

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